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Friedrich Nietzsche

German philosopher, 1844–1900

Works

  • The Birth of Tragedy (1872)Contrasts Apollonian order with Dionysian chaos in art and existence.
  • Human, All Too Human (1878)A turn toward skepticism and aphoristic philosophy.
  • The Gay Science (1882)Introduces the death of God and the eternal recurrence.
  • Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883–1885)His most famous work — the Übermensch, will to power, and eternal recurrence.
  • Beyond Good and Evil (1886)A critique of past philosophers and conventional morality.
  • On the Genealogy of Morality (1887)Traces the historical origins of moral concepts like good, evil, guilt, and bad conscience.
  • Twilight of the Idols (1889)A late, compressed summary of his philosophy.